Osteoprotegerin in Bone Metastases: Mathematical Solution to the Puzzle

Osteoprotegerin in Bone Metastases: Mathematical Solution to the Puzzle

Bone is a common site for cancer metastasis. To create space for their growth, cancer cells stimulate bone resorbing osteoclasts. Cytokine RANKL is a key osteoclast activator, while osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a RANKL decoy receptor and an inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis. Consistently, systemic application of OPG decreases metastatic tumor burden in bone. However, OPG produced locally by cancer ce...

Supporting Information I OPG in bone metastases: mathematical solution to the puzzle

The modeling part of this work is based on a previously developed model of bone homeostasis introduced in [1,2]. This model describes the spatio-temporal evolution of osteoclasts and osteoblasts as well as their interactions through the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway, and can be summarized as follows  ∂tu1 = α1u g11 1 − β1u1 − ζ∇ · (y1∇φR) + k1 φR λ+φR θ(y1) u1 ∂tu2 = α2u g12 1 − β2u2 ∂tφR = aR...

The Role of Bone Marrow Aspiration and Bone Marrow Biopsy in Diagnosis of Bone Marrow Metastases

Background: Bone marrow is the site of many malignant disorders and it is one of the common places for solid tumors to metastasize. Examination of the bone marrow aspirate and biopsy is a routine procedure performed for assessment of various conditions such as cytopenias, hematologic neoplasms, nonmalignant disorders and metastatic neoplasms. Methods: The patients were referred to the Hema...

The osteoprotegerin/osteoprotegerin ligand family: role in inflammation and bone

Osteoprotegerin and bone density.

Aim of study was determine if a correlation exists between bone mass density and concentration of osteoprotegerin. We examined the group of 199 patients of mean age of 63 years. Of the group under study, 31 patients had normal bone density (T score > -1 and < 1) and 168 probands had osteopenia or osteoporosis (T < -1). Persons with normal BMD values had median values of OPG 60.8 ng/l, while pat...